Organic agriculture can be defined as an integrated agriculture production management system that promotes sustainability in global food production and enhances soil health, ecological balance, and biological diversity. In the world, the use of organic amendments (compost, vermicompost, cow dung, etc) as nutrient inputs to the soil is currently increasing, and it is becoming an alternative agricultural practice to sustain an eco-friendly agriculture production with low environmental contamination. It is widely acknowledged that using vermicomposts as amendments, rather than industrialized fertilizer, could improve soil health, biodiversity, and animal welfare reduce reliance on non-renewable resources, and sustainably adopt practices. Vermicomposts are composed of finely divided, black color, peat-like materials that are produced through a non-thermophilic process involving the biodegradation and stabilization of organic materials by earthworms and microorganisms. This review paper emphasizes the fundamentals of vermicomposting, the new vermicomposting techniques, vermicompost production, and factors that affect the quality and quantity of vermicomposting. The previous studies revealed that the positive effects of plant growth and vermicompost can also increase soil organic carbon, nitrates, phosphates, exchangeable calcium, and some other nutrients for plant growth. Vermicompost production can improve farmers’ livelihoods as a replacement for chemical fertilizers, cost savings, income generation, market opportunities, etc.
