This review highlights a critical concern in the manufacturing of polyurethane, which traditionally relies on substantial quantities of petroleum-derived materials. With the increasing awareness of environmental sustainability and the need for materials that minimize harm to the environment, researchers have been exploring bio-based raw materials as alternatives for synthesizing polyurethane. The focus on bio-based raw materials aligns with the growing demand for sustainable practices across various industries. This review delves into the potential applications of bio-based polyurethane in diverse industries, emphasizing the need for more environmentally friendly alternatives. Furthermore, the article examines recent advancements in the field of biodegradable polyurethane, reflecting a broader trend toward materials that break down naturally over time.